c) The Louros type, known from the Louros
cemetary of Naxos. The figure is standing and, again, has some plastic
features. There are no facial features and no arms, just stumps at the
shoulders.
In the Early Cycladic II period (Keros - Syros
Culture, 2800 - 2300 B.C.) the characteristic type is the standing one. The arms
are folded at the waist and the head somewnat tilted back. The legs are often
slightly bent at the knees and. in most cases, the feet are inclined as if the
figure was standing on tiptoe. Facial features or parts of the body are usually
shown by modelling as well as by incision or paint. Several varieties of the
folded arm type can be distinguished based on differences in the outline or the
modelling of the body. These are: the Kapsala. Spedos, Dokathismata and
Chalandriani varieties, named after the cemeteries of Amorgos, Naxos and Syros,
where these varieties were first found. The schematic type is also often
manufactured with a quadrilateral outline and a rough indication of the head
which is the main difference of this type from the previous one.
In this period Cycladic sculpture also produces
statues reaching a height up to 1.50 m. There is also'a series of figures which
are three dimensional. The best examples are the musicians, the seated or
standing male figures playing musical instruments. In this flourishing period of
Cycladic sculpture and Cycladic civilisation in general, the diffusion of the
figurines throughout the Aegean is wide either through export or through local
manufacture.
In the Early Cycladic III period (Phylakopi I
Culture, 2300 - 2100 B.C.) the manufacture of the figurines is significantly
restricted. A schematic type with a conical outline and two small horizontal
stumps for the indication of the hands is characteristic of this period. Such
figurines have been found at Phylakopi on Melos and at Agia Irini on Keros.
Several views about the significance of the
Cycladic figurines have been put forward. They have been interpreted as figures
of the Great Mother, goddess of fertility as apotropaic figures or psychopompoi
as nymphs or heroes, as figures of revered ancestors or divine nursemaids.
Whatever their meaning, the Early Cycladic figurines are outstanding works of
art in the history of sculpture.